Heilige Wolfgang von Regensburg/San Volfango by irapuato on 31.10.13Mehr
Heilige Wolfgang von Regensburg/San Volfango
by irapuato on 31.10.13
by irapuato on 31.10.13
San Volfango di Ratisbona Vescovo
31 ottobre
E’ riuscito addirittura a farsi aiutare dal diavolo a costruire una chiesa. Questa è una delle molte leggende sorte intorno alla popolarissima figura del vescovo Volfango, uomo di Chiesa e organizzatore della vita civile; costruttore di edifici sacri, e anche di case e di villaggi nelle campagne germaniche. E questo nel X secolo, in prossimità dell’anno …Mehr
San Volfango di Ratisbona Vescovo
31 ottobre
E’ riuscito addirittura a farsi aiutare dal diavolo a costruire una chiesa. Questa è una delle molte leggende sorte intorno alla popolarissima figura del vescovo Volfango, uomo di Chiesa e organizzatore della vita civile; costruttore di edifici sacri, e anche di case e di villaggi nelle campagne germaniche. E questo nel X secolo, in prossimità dell’anno Mille. Cioè nell’epoca in cui, secondo invenzioni messe in giro vari secoli dopo, l’Europa sarebbe vissuta nel terrore apatico della “fine del mondo”.
Al contrario, questi sono anni di grandi speranze fondate su realtà evidenti: fine delle aggressioni ungare in Germania e in Italia; cacciata degli arabi dalle teste di ponte sulle coste italiane e francesi. Nell’imminenza dell’anno Mille, si fondano addirittura nuovi Stati (Polonia e Ungheria). E anche la piccola Boemia conia la sua prima moneta d’argento: il “denaro”. Tra i costruttori dell’Europa nuova c’è appunto Volfango, tedesco di Svevia. Educato nel monastero benedettino di Reichenau, sul lago di Costanza, dal 956, pur non essendo prete, ha diretto la scuola arcivescovile di Treviri, in Renania.
Nel 965 lascia l’incarico e si ritira nell’abbazia di Einsiedeln (attuale Svizzera), e tre anni dopo viene ordinato sacerdote. Vorrebbe lavorare alla cristianizzazione degli Ungari che, smesse le razzie, stanno diventando agricoltori. Ma i suoi sforzi hanno poca fortuna. Nel 972 viene nominato vescovo di Ratisbona, la città bavarese che le valli dei fiumi Regen e Naab collegano con le terre boeme; e queste, dal punto di vista ecclesiastico, dipendono da lui, dalla diocesi di Ratisbona.
Ma questo non piace a Volfango, che vede il futuro d’Europa meglio di molti altri, e fa perciò una cosa che sbalordisce: vuole rimpicciolire la sua diocesi, per dare ai cristiani boemi una diocesi boema, con sede a Praga e con un loro vescovo. Intorno a lui si protesta: ma come, se quasi tutti i vescovi cercano di ingrandire le loro diocesi, perché questo qui vuole mutilare la sua? Volfango sa che per incarnare il cristianesimo in un popolo bisogna riconoscerne e valorizzarne la personalità, anche con sede e gerarchia ecclesiastica locale. Un problema che occuperà anche il XX secolo, e che Volfango aveva già compreso. Infatti lascia che a Ratisbona si mormori e si protesti, ma la diocesi di Praga si fa. E nel 976 ha il suo primo vescovo, Tiethmaro, predecessore del grande sant’Adalberto.
Nel 974 la lotta del duca Enrico II di Baviera e l’imperatore Ottone II lo costringe a rifugiarsi nel monastero di Mondsee (regione di Salisburgo). E lì vicino egli innalza una chiesa dedicata a san Giovanni (quella appunto di cui parla la leggenda). Ingrandita e abbellita, essa verrà più tardi dedicata al suo nome. Volfango muore sul lavoro, durante una campagna di predicazione, in Austria. Nel 1052 il papa Leone IX lo proclamerà santo.
Autore: Domenico Agasso
31 ottobre
E’ riuscito addirittura a farsi aiutare dal diavolo a costruire una chiesa. Questa è una delle molte leggende sorte intorno alla popolarissima figura del vescovo Volfango, uomo di Chiesa e organizzatore della vita civile; costruttore di edifici sacri, e anche di case e di villaggi nelle campagne germaniche. E questo nel X secolo, in prossimità dell’anno Mille. Cioè nell’epoca in cui, secondo invenzioni messe in giro vari secoli dopo, l’Europa sarebbe vissuta nel terrore apatico della “fine del mondo”.
Al contrario, questi sono anni di grandi speranze fondate su realtà evidenti: fine delle aggressioni ungare in Germania e in Italia; cacciata degli arabi dalle teste di ponte sulle coste italiane e francesi. Nell’imminenza dell’anno Mille, si fondano addirittura nuovi Stati (Polonia e Ungheria). E anche la piccola Boemia conia la sua prima moneta d’argento: il “denaro”. Tra i costruttori dell’Europa nuova c’è appunto Volfango, tedesco di Svevia. Educato nel monastero benedettino di Reichenau, sul lago di Costanza, dal 956, pur non essendo prete, ha diretto la scuola arcivescovile di Treviri, in Renania.
Nel 965 lascia l’incarico e si ritira nell’abbazia di Einsiedeln (attuale Svizzera), e tre anni dopo viene ordinato sacerdote. Vorrebbe lavorare alla cristianizzazione degli Ungari che, smesse le razzie, stanno diventando agricoltori. Ma i suoi sforzi hanno poca fortuna. Nel 972 viene nominato vescovo di Ratisbona, la città bavarese che le valli dei fiumi Regen e Naab collegano con le terre boeme; e queste, dal punto di vista ecclesiastico, dipendono da lui, dalla diocesi di Ratisbona.
Ma questo non piace a Volfango, che vede il futuro d’Europa meglio di molti altri, e fa perciò una cosa che sbalordisce: vuole rimpicciolire la sua diocesi, per dare ai cristiani boemi una diocesi boema, con sede a Praga e con un loro vescovo. Intorno a lui si protesta: ma come, se quasi tutti i vescovi cercano di ingrandire le loro diocesi, perché questo qui vuole mutilare la sua? Volfango sa che per incarnare il cristianesimo in un popolo bisogna riconoscerne e valorizzarne la personalità, anche con sede e gerarchia ecclesiastica locale. Un problema che occuperà anche il XX secolo, e che Volfango aveva già compreso. Infatti lascia che a Ratisbona si mormori e si protesti, ma la diocesi di Praga si fa. E nel 976 ha il suo primo vescovo, Tiethmaro, predecessore del grande sant’Adalberto.
Nel 974 la lotta del duca Enrico II di Baviera e l’imperatore Ottone II lo costringe a rifugiarsi nel monastero di Mondsee (regione di Salisburgo). E lì vicino egli innalza una chiesa dedicata a san Giovanni (quella appunto di cui parla la leggenda). Ingrandita e abbellita, essa verrà più tardi dedicata al suo nome. Volfango muore sul lavoro, durante una campagna di predicazione, in Austria. Nel 1052 il papa Leone IX lo proclamerà santo.
Autore: Domenico Agasso
3 weitere Kommentare von Irapuato
Wolfgang von Regensburg (* um 924 in Schwaben, wahrscheinlich Pfullingen; † 31. Oktober 994 in Pupping, heute Oberösterreich) war Missionar und Bischof von Regensburg.
Orte der Verehrung
Verschiedene Orte stehen mit der Heiligenverehrung Wolfgangs in Verbindung.
Hauptverehrungsort des Heiligen ist St. Wolfgang im Salzkammergut am Wolfgangsee – beide nach ihm benannt: Als er 976 in seinem …Mehr
Wolfgang von Regensburg (* um 924 in Schwaben, wahrscheinlich Pfullingen; † 31. Oktober 994 in Pupping, heute Oberösterreich) war Missionar und Bischof von Regensburg.
Orte der Verehrung
Verschiedene Orte stehen mit der Heiligenverehrung Wolfgangs in Verbindung.
Hauptverehrungsort des Heiligen ist St. Wolfgang im Salzkammergut am Wolfgangsee – beide nach ihm benannt: Als er 976 in seinem Eigenkloster Kloster Mondsee zuflucht suchte, soll von eigener Hand die – erste kleine – Kirche erbaut haben und wundertätig gewesen sein (Beilwurf und Quellwunder am Falkenstein). Dort steht auch die Wallfahrtskirche Falkenstein (Gemeinde St. Gilgen), wo er fünf Jahre als Einsiedler gelebt haben soll. St. Wolfgang mit der Einsiedlerhöhle war durch das ganze Mittelalter hindurch einer der bedeutendsten Wallfahrtsorte Europas, im 15. und 16. Jahrhundert nach Rom, Aachen und Einsiedeln die viertgrößte Pilgerstätte
Anlässlich der Heiligsprechung wurden die Gebeine des Bischofs in die damals neu errichtete Wolfgangskrypta unter der Basilika St. Emmeram überführt. Sie ruhen dort seit 1877 in dem vergoldeten Wolfgangsschrein, der jedes Jahr anlässlich der Wolfgangswoche des Bistums Regensburg in die Basilika oder eine andere bedeutende Kirche des Bistums überführt wird
Ort der Verehrung ist auch sein Sterbeort, das Kloster Pupping. Die St.-Wolfgang-Kapelle wurde an jener Stelle errichtet, an der Wolfgang mit dem Schiff von Passau kommend, an Land gegangen sein soll, bevor er nach Pupping gebracht wurde
Unter der etwa 1250 Jahre alten Sankt-Wolfgangs-Eiche bei Schloss Haus in Neueglofsheim südlich von Regensburg soll Wolfgang gepredigt haben
Ebenso verehrt wird er im oberbayerischen St. Wolfgang, wo Wolfgang der Legende zufolge eine Quelle erweckt haben soll.
Siehe auch: Wolfgangskirche, zu den zahlreichen Kirchen des Heiligen.
de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wolfgang_von_Regensburg
Orte der Verehrung
Verschiedene Orte stehen mit der Heiligenverehrung Wolfgangs in Verbindung.
Hauptverehrungsort des Heiligen ist St. Wolfgang im Salzkammergut am Wolfgangsee – beide nach ihm benannt: Als er 976 in seinem Eigenkloster Kloster Mondsee zuflucht suchte, soll von eigener Hand die – erste kleine – Kirche erbaut haben und wundertätig gewesen sein (Beilwurf und Quellwunder am Falkenstein). Dort steht auch die Wallfahrtskirche Falkenstein (Gemeinde St. Gilgen), wo er fünf Jahre als Einsiedler gelebt haben soll. St. Wolfgang mit der Einsiedlerhöhle war durch das ganze Mittelalter hindurch einer der bedeutendsten Wallfahrtsorte Europas, im 15. und 16. Jahrhundert nach Rom, Aachen und Einsiedeln die viertgrößte Pilgerstätte
Anlässlich der Heiligsprechung wurden die Gebeine des Bischofs in die damals neu errichtete Wolfgangskrypta unter der Basilika St. Emmeram überführt. Sie ruhen dort seit 1877 in dem vergoldeten Wolfgangsschrein, der jedes Jahr anlässlich der Wolfgangswoche des Bistums Regensburg in die Basilika oder eine andere bedeutende Kirche des Bistums überführt wird
Ort der Verehrung ist auch sein Sterbeort, das Kloster Pupping. Die St.-Wolfgang-Kapelle wurde an jener Stelle errichtet, an der Wolfgang mit dem Schiff von Passau kommend, an Land gegangen sein soll, bevor er nach Pupping gebracht wurde
Unter der etwa 1250 Jahre alten Sankt-Wolfgangs-Eiche bei Schloss Haus in Neueglofsheim südlich von Regensburg soll Wolfgang gepredigt haben
Ebenso verehrt wird er im oberbayerischen St. Wolfgang, wo Wolfgang der Legende zufolge eine Quelle erweckt haben soll.
Siehe auch: Wolfgangskirche, zu den zahlreichen Kirchen des Heiligen.
de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wolfgang_von_Regensburg
Saint Wolfgang of Regensburg (c. 934 – October 31, 994) was bishop of Regensburg in Bavaria from Christmas 972 until his death. He is a saint of the Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox churches (canonized in 1052). He is regarded as one of the three great German saints of the 10th century, the other two being Saint Ulrich and Saint Conrad of Constance.
Wolfgang was descended from the family …Mehr
Saint Wolfgang of Regensburg (c. 934 – October 31, 994) was bishop of Regensburg in Bavaria from Christmas 972 until his death. He is a saint of the Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox churches (canonized in 1052). He is regarded as one of the three great German saints of the 10th century, the other two being Saint Ulrich and Saint Conrad of Constance.
Wolfgang was descended from the family of the Swabian Counts of Pfullingen (Mon. Germ. His.: Script., X, 53). When seven years old he had an ecclesiastic as tutor at home; later he attended the celebrated monastic school at Reichenau Abbey.
Here he formed a strong friendship with Henry of Babenberg, brother of Bishop Poppo of Würzburg, whom he followed to Würzburg in order to attend the lectures of the noted Italian grammarian, Stephen of Novara, at the cathedral school.
After Henry was made Archbishop of Trier in 956, he summoned Wolfgang, who became a teacher in the cathedral school of Trier, and also laboured for the reform of the archdiocese, despite the hostility with which his efforts were met.
Wolfgang's residence at Trier greatly influenced his monastic and ascetic tendencies, as here he came into contact with the great reformatory monastery of the 10th century, St. Maximin's Abbey, Trier, where he made the acquaintance of Romuald, the teacher of Saint Adalbert of Prague.
After the death of Archbishop Henry of Trier in 964, Wolfgang entered the Benedictine order in the Abbey of Maria Einsiedeln, Switzerland, and was ordained priest by Saint Ulrich in 968.
After their defeat in the Battle of the Lechfeld (955), the heathen Hungarians settled in ancient Pannonia. As long as they were not converted to Christianity they remained a constant menace to the empire.
At the request of Ulrich, who clearly saw the danger, and at the desire of the Emperor Otto the Great, Wolfgang, according to the abbey annals, was "sent to the Hungarians" as the most suitable man to evangelize them.
He was followed by other missionaries sent by Piligrim, Bishop of Passau, under whose jurisdiction the new missionary region came.
After the death of Bishop Michael of Regensburg (September 23, 972) Bishop Piligrim obtained from the emperor the appointment of Wolfgang as the new bishop (Christmas, 972). Wolfgang's services in this new position were of the highest importance, not only for the diocese, but also for the cause of civilization. As Bishop of Regensburg, Wolfgang became the tutor of Emperor Saint Henry II, who learned from him the principles which governed his saintly and energetic life. Poppe, son of Margrave Luitpold, Archbishop of Trier (1018), and Tagino, Archbishop of Magdeburg (1004–1012), also had him as their teacher.
Wolfgang deserves credit for his disciplinary labours in his diocese. His main work in this respect was connected with the ancient and celebrated St. Emmeram's Abbey, which he reformed by granting it once more abbots of its own, thus withdrawing it from the control of the bishops of Regensburg, who for many years had been abbots in commendam, a condition of affairs that had been far from beneficial to the abbey and monastic life. In the Benedictine monk Romuald, whom Saint Wolfgang called from Saint Maximin at Trier, Saint Emmeram received a capable abbot (975).
The saint also reformed the convents of Obermünster and Niedermünster at Regensburg, chiefly by giving them as an example the convent of St. Paul, Mittelmünster, at Regensburg, which he had founded in 983. He also co-operated in the reform of the ancient and celebrated Benedictine Abbey of Niederaltaich, which had been founded by the Agilolfinger dynasty, and which from that time took on new life.
He showed genuine episcopal generosity in the liberal manner with which he met the views of the Emperor Otto II regarding the intended reduction in size of his diocese for the benefit of the new Diocese of Prague (975), to which Saint Adalbert was appointed first bishop. As prince of the empire he performed his duties towards the emperor and the empire with the utmost scrupulousness and, like Saint Ulrich, was one of the mainstays of the Ottonian policies.
He took part in the various imperial diets, and, in the autumn of 978, accompanied the Emperor Otto II on his campaign to Paris, and took part in the Diet of Verona in June 983. He was succeeded by Gebhard I.
Towards the end of his life Saint Wolfgang withdrew as a hermit to a solitary spot, now the Wolfgangsee ("Wolfgang's Lake") in the Salzkammergut region of Upper Austria, apparently on account of a political dispute, but probably in the course of a journey of inspection to Mondsee Abbey which was under the direction of the bishops of Regensburg. He was discovered by a hunter and brought back to Regensburg.
While travelling on the Danube to Pöchlarn in Lower Austria, he fell ill at the village of Pupping, which is between Eferding and the market town of Aschach near Linz, and at his request was carried into the chapel of Saint Othmar at Pupping, where he died.
His body was taken up the Danube by his friends Count Aribo of Andechs and Archbishop Hartwich of Salzburg to Regensburg, and was solemnly buried in the crypt of Saint Emmeram. Many miracles were performed at his grave; in 1052 he was canonized.
Soon after Wolfgang's death many churches chose him as their patron saint, and various towns were named after him.
In Christian art he has been especially honoured by the great medieval Tyrolean painter, Michael Pacher (1430–1498), who created an imperishable memorial to him, the high altar of St. Wolfgang. In the panel pictures which are now exhibited in the Old Pinakothek at Munich are depicted in an artistic manner the chief events in the saint's life.
The oldest portrait of Saint Wolfgang is a miniature, painted about the year 1100 in the celebrated Evangeliary of Saint Emmeram, now in the library of the castle cathedral at Kraków.
A fine modern picture by Schwind is in the Schack Gallery at Munich. This painting represents the legend of Wolfgang forcing the devil to help him to build a church.
In other paintings he is generally depicted in episcopal dress, an axe in the right hand and the crozier in the left, or as a hermit in the wilderness being discovered by a hunter.
The axe refers to an incident in the life of the saint. After having selected a solitary spot in the wilderness, he prayed and then threw his axe into the thicket; the spot on which the axe fell he regarded as the place where God intended he should build his cell. This axe is still shown in the little market town of St. Wolfgang which sprang up on the spot of the old cell.
Saint Wolfgang is sometimes counted among the Fourteen Holy Helpers
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wolfgang_of_Regensburg
Wolfgang was descended from the family of the Swabian Counts of Pfullingen (Mon. Germ. His.: Script., X, 53). When seven years old he had an ecclesiastic as tutor at home; later he attended the celebrated monastic school at Reichenau Abbey.
Here he formed a strong friendship with Henry of Babenberg, brother of Bishop Poppo of Würzburg, whom he followed to Würzburg in order to attend the lectures of the noted Italian grammarian, Stephen of Novara, at the cathedral school.
After Henry was made Archbishop of Trier in 956, he summoned Wolfgang, who became a teacher in the cathedral school of Trier, and also laboured for the reform of the archdiocese, despite the hostility with which his efforts were met.
Wolfgang's residence at Trier greatly influenced his monastic and ascetic tendencies, as here he came into contact with the great reformatory monastery of the 10th century, St. Maximin's Abbey, Trier, where he made the acquaintance of Romuald, the teacher of Saint Adalbert of Prague.
After the death of Archbishop Henry of Trier in 964, Wolfgang entered the Benedictine order in the Abbey of Maria Einsiedeln, Switzerland, and was ordained priest by Saint Ulrich in 968.
After their defeat in the Battle of the Lechfeld (955), the heathen Hungarians settled in ancient Pannonia. As long as they were not converted to Christianity they remained a constant menace to the empire.
At the request of Ulrich, who clearly saw the danger, and at the desire of the Emperor Otto the Great, Wolfgang, according to the abbey annals, was "sent to the Hungarians" as the most suitable man to evangelize them.
He was followed by other missionaries sent by Piligrim, Bishop of Passau, under whose jurisdiction the new missionary region came.
After the death of Bishop Michael of Regensburg (September 23, 972) Bishop Piligrim obtained from the emperor the appointment of Wolfgang as the new bishop (Christmas, 972). Wolfgang's services in this new position were of the highest importance, not only for the diocese, but also for the cause of civilization. As Bishop of Regensburg, Wolfgang became the tutor of Emperor Saint Henry II, who learned from him the principles which governed his saintly and energetic life. Poppe, son of Margrave Luitpold, Archbishop of Trier (1018), and Tagino, Archbishop of Magdeburg (1004–1012), also had him as their teacher.
Wolfgang deserves credit for his disciplinary labours in his diocese. His main work in this respect was connected with the ancient and celebrated St. Emmeram's Abbey, which he reformed by granting it once more abbots of its own, thus withdrawing it from the control of the bishops of Regensburg, who for many years had been abbots in commendam, a condition of affairs that had been far from beneficial to the abbey and monastic life. In the Benedictine monk Romuald, whom Saint Wolfgang called from Saint Maximin at Trier, Saint Emmeram received a capable abbot (975).
The saint also reformed the convents of Obermünster and Niedermünster at Regensburg, chiefly by giving them as an example the convent of St. Paul, Mittelmünster, at Regensburg, which he had founded in 983. He also co-operated in the reform of the ancient and celebrated Benedictine Abbey of Niederaltaich, which had been founded by the Agilolfinger dynasty, and which from that time took on new life.
He showed genuine episcopal generosity in the liberal manner with which he met the views of the Emperor Otto II regarding the intended reduction in size of his diocese for the benefit of the new Diocese of Prague (975), to which Saint Adalbert was appointed first bishop. As prince of the empire he performed his duties towards the emperor and the empire with the utmost scrupulousness and, like Saint Ulrich, was one of the mainstays of the Ottonian policies.
He took part in the various imperial diets, and, in the autumn of 978, accompanied the Emperor Otto II on his campaign to Paris, and took part in the Diet of Verona in June 983. He was succeeded by Gebhard I.
Towards the end of his life Saint Wolfgang withdrew as a hermit to a solitary spot, now the Wolfgangsee ("Wolfgang's Lake") in the Salzkammergut region of Upper Austria, apparently on account of a political dispute, but probably in the course of a journey of inspection to Mondsee Abbey which was under the direction of the bishops of Regensburg. He was discovered by a hunter and brought back to Regensburg.
While travelling on the Danube to Pöchlarn in Lower Austria, he fell ill at the village of Pupping, which is between Eferding and the market town of Aschach near Linz, and at his request was carried into the chapel of Saint Othmar at Pupping, where he died.
His body was taken up the Danube by his friends Count Aribo of Andechs and Archbishop Hartwich of Salzburg to Regensburg, and was solemnly buried in the crypt of Saint Emmeram. Many miracles were performed at his grave; in 1052 he was canonized.
Soon after Wolfgang's death many churches chose him as their patron saint, and various towns were named after him.
In Christian art he has been especially honoured by the great medieval Tyrolean painter, Michael Pacher (1430–1498), who created an imperishable memorial to him, the high altar of St. Wolfgang. In the panel pictures which are now exhibited in the Old Pinakothek at Munich are depicted in an artistic manner the chief events in the saint's life.
The oldest portrait of Saint Wolfgang is a miniature, painted about the year 1100 in the celebrated Evangeliary of Saint Emmeram, now in the library of the castle cathedral at Kraków.
A fine modern picture by Schwind is in the Schack Gallery at Munich. This painting represents the legend of Wolfgang forcing the devil to help him to build a church.
In other paintings he is generally depicted in episcopal dress, an axe in the right hand and the crozier in the left, or as a hermit in the wilderness being discovered by a hunter.
The axe refers to an incident in the life of the saint. After having selected a solitary spot in the wilderness, he prayed and then threw his axe into the thicket; the spot on which the axe fell he regarded as the place where God intended he should build his cell. This axe is still shown in the little market town of St. Wolfgang which sprang up on the spot of the old cell.
Saint Wolfgang is sometimes counted among the Fourteen Holy Helpers
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wolfgang_of_Regensburg
San Wolfgango (Volfang o Wolfang) (Pfulligen, Suabia, 924 - Pupping, Austria, 31 de octubre de 994) fue un monje benedictino; se formó en Reichenau y en Würzburgo y fue monje en Einsiedeln y obispo de Ratisbona (972), organizó el obispado y la vida monàstica. Fue canonizado en 1052 por León IX.
Su discípulo Otolón (Otloh) de San Emmerano, que vivió muchos de los hechos que narra, escribió …Mehr
San Wolfgango (Volfang o Wolfang) (Pfulligen, Suabia, 924 - Pupping, Austria, 31 de octubre de 994) fue un monje benedictino; se formó en Reichenau y en Würzburgo y fue monje en Einsiedeln y obispo de Ratisbona (972), organizó el obispado y la vida monàstica. Fue canonizado en 1052 por León IX.
Su discípulo Otolón (Otloh) de San Emmerano, que vivió muchos de los hechos que narra, escribió una biografóa; otro discípulo, Arnaldo, hizo otra Vita, con más episodios milagrosos.
Wolfgango era hijo de una familia acomodada y fue educado por un clérigo y, después, en la abadía de Reichenau, bajo la guia de Esteban de Novara. Destacó por su modestia y conoció a Enrique, que fue después obispo de Tréveris y que tendrá mucha influencia en la vida de Wolfgang.
Continuó sus estudios en Würzburg, donde decidió hacerse monje, pero Enrique de Tréveris lo llamó para que lo ayudara como diácono del capítulo y profesor de la escuela catedralicia. Entre sus discípulos estuvieron el emperador Enrique II, que también sería canonizado, y Gisela, que se casó con San Esteban I de Hungría. Wolfgang, no quiso aceptar otro cargo ni honor mientras estuvo en Tréveris. Cuando Enrique murió, Wolfgango ingresó, en 964, en la orden benedictina, entrando en el monasterio de Einsiedeln, conocido por el rigor con que aplicaba la Regla de San Benito.
Hacia 970 el obispo Ulrico de Augsburgo le ordenó sacerdote. Poco después, Wolfgango tuvo una visión que lo impulsó a dejar el monasterio y dedicarse a la evangelización de tierras de la Europa central donde todavía no se practicaba el cristianismo, com Bohemia y la Panonia, actual Hungría. A pesar de ello, su labor en Hungría tuvo pocos resultados prácticos.
El obispo Pelegrino de Passau, que lo conoció le propuso a Otón I para que lo nombrara obispo de Ratisbona. Wolfgang no quiso, pero finalmente aceptó el nombramiento y en 972 tomó posesión, con jurisdicción sobre toda la Bohemia. Como obispo, se distinguió por su santidad, frugalidad y modestia. En contra de lo que era habitual entonces, quiso renunciar al poder temporal; así, hizo que las tierras de Bohemia se erigieran como diócesis autónoma, con sede en Praga y sin ataduras con Ratisbona y, de la misma manera, renunció al priorato de Reichenau, que proporcionaba muchas rentas. Quería también, que los responsables, obispo y prior, de las comunidades estuvieran cerca de sus fieles.
Durante las luchas del 976 entre Enrique y Otón II, a quien Wolfgang era fiel, se retiró a la abadía de Mondsee. Una leyenda quiere que, en este retiro, viviera como eremita en los bosques, cerca de Wolfgangsee ("Lago de Wolfgang"). Volvió a Ratisbona y, durante un viaje pastoral enfermó. Fue llevado a la iglesia cercana a Pupping, donde se confesó, comulgó y murió al pie del altar la noche del 31 de octubre.
Fue enterrado en el monasterio de San Emmeran, en Ratisbona, donde fueron trasladados hasta la catedral de la ciudad.
Leyendas
El santo y el diablo, pintura del s. XVIII en la capilla del santo en Sankt Wolfgang im Salzkammergut
Cuando se retiró como eremita, para encontrar en lugar donde quedarse, pidió a Dios que se lo indicara, lanzó una hacha y se construyó una capilla en el lugar donde cayó. Wolfgango convenció al diablo para que lo ayudara a construir la capilla, a cambio del alma del primero que entrara. El diablo, para llevar los materiales, tomó la forma de caballo. Al acabar, el primer ser vivo que entró a la capilla fue un lobo, (Wolf en alemán, relacionado con Wolfgang) y el diablo, enrabiado, se fue volando. Después, en el mismo lugar, se fundó un pueblo, el actual Sankt Wolfgang, en Salzkammergut (Àustria).
Rezando en la ermita, el diablo quiso matarlo lanzándole una gran roca encima. Wolfgango, que estaba arrodillado sobre otra roca, extendió lso brazos formando una cruz y rezó. No le pasó nada pero la huella quedó marcada en la roca. Esta roca es hoy en el suelo de la iglesia de Sankt Wolfgang im Salzkammergut.
es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wolfgango_de_Ratisbona
Su discípulo Otolón (Otloh) de San Emmerano, que vivió muchos de los hechos que narra, escribió una biografóa; otro discípulo, Arnaldo, hizo otra Vita, con más episodios milagrosos.
Wolfgango era hijo de una familia acomodada y fue educado por un clérigo y, después, en la abadía de Reichenau, bajo la guia de Esteban de Novara. Destacó por su modestia y conoció a Enrique, que fue después obispo de Tréveris y que tendrá mucha influencia en la vida de Wolfgang.
Continuó sus estudios en Würzburg, donde decidió hacerse monje, pero Enrique de Tréveris lo llamó para que lo ayudara como diácono del capítulo y profesor de la escuela catedralicia. Entre sus discípulos estuvieron el emperador Enrique II, que también sería canonizado, y Gisela, que se casó con San Esteban I de Hungría. Wolfgang, no quiso aceptar otro cargo ni honor mientras estuvo en Tréveris. Cuando Enrique murió, Wolfgango ingresó, en 964, en la orden benedictina, entrando en el monasterio de Einsiedeln, conocido por el rigor con que aplicaba la Regla de San Benito.
Hacia 970 el obispo Ulrico de Augsburgo le ordenó sacerdote. Poco después, Wolfgango tuvo una visión que lo impulsó a dejar el monasterio y dedicarse a la evangelización de tierras de la Europa central donde todavía no se practicaba el cristianismo, com Bohemia y la Panonia, actual Hungría. A pesar de ello, su labor en Hungría tuvo pocos resultados prácticos.
El obispo Pelegrino de Passau, que lo conoció le propuso a Otón I para que lo nombrara obispo de Ratisbona. Wolfgang no quiso, pero finalmente aceptó el nombramiento y en 972 tomó posesión, con jurisdicción sobre toda la Bohemia. Como obispo, se distinguió por su santidad, frugalidad y modestia. En contra de lo que era habitual entonces, quiso renunciar al poder temporal; así, hizo que las tierras de Bohemia se erigieran como diócesis autónoma, con sede en Praga y sin ataduras con Ratisbona y, de la misma manera, renunció al priorato de Reichenau, que proporcionaba muchas rentas. Quería también, que los responsables, obispo y prior, de las comunidades estuvieran cerca de sus fieles.
Durante las luchas del 976 entre Enrique y Otón II, a quien Wolfgang era fiel, se retiró a la abadía de Mondsee. Una leyenda quiere que, en este retiro, viviera como eremita en los bosques, cerca de Wolfgangsee ("Lago de Wolfgang"). Volvió a Ratisbona y, durante un viaje pastoral enfermó. Fue llevado a la iglesia cercana a Pupping, donde se confesó, comulgó y murió al pie del altar la noche del 31 de octubre.
Fue enterrado en el monasterio de San Emmeran, en Ratisbona, donde fueron trasladados hasta la catedral de la ciudad.
Leyendas
El santo y el diablo, pintura del s. XVIII en la capilla del santo en Sankt Wolfgang im Salzkammergut
Cuando se retiró como eremita, para encontrar en lugar donde quedarse, pidió a Dios que se lo indicara, lanzó una hacha y se construyó una capilla en el lugar donde cayó. Wolfgango convenció al diablo para que lo ayudara a construir la capilla, a cambio del alma del primero que entrara. El diablo, para llevar los materiales, tomó la forma de caballo. Al acabar, el primer ser vivo que entró a la capilla fue un lobo, (Wolf en alemán, relacionado con Wolfgang) y el diablo, enrabiado, se fue volando. Después, en el mismo lugar, se fundó un pueblo, el actual Sankt Wolfgang, en Salzkammergut (Àustria).
Rezando en la ermita, el diablo quiso matarlo lanzándole una gran roca encima. Wolfgango, que estaba arrodillado sobre otra roca, extendió lso brazos formando una cruz y rezó. No le pasó nada pero la huella quedó marcada en la roca. Esta roca es hoy en el suelo de la iglesia de Sankt Wolfgang im Salzkammergut.
es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wolfgango_de_Ratisbona